language: en

[Appears in the Proceedings of the Twelfth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-94), Seattle, Washington, July 1994.]

Learning to Select Useful Landmarks

Russell Greiner
Siemens Corporate Research
Princeton, NJ 08540
greiner@learning.siemens.com
Ramana Isukapalli
Department of Computer Science Rutgers University
ramana@cs.rutgers.edu

Abstract To navigate effectively, an autonomous agent must be able to quickly and accurately determine its current location. Given an initial estimate of its position (perhaps based on dead-reckoning) and an image taken of a known environment, our agent first attempts to locate a set of landmarks (real-world objects at known locations), then uses their angular separation to obtain an improved estimate of its current position. Unfortunately, some landmarks may not be visible, or worse, may be confused with other landmarks, resulting in both time wasted in searching for invisible landmarks, and in further errors in the agent's estimate of its position. To address these problems, we propose a method that uses previous experiences to learn a selection function that, given the set of landmarks that might be visible, returns the subset which can reliably be found correctly, and so provide an accurate registration of the agent's position. We use statistical techniques to prove that the learned selection function is, with high probability, effectively at a local optimal in the space of such functions. This report also presents empirical evidence, using real-world data, that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

1. Introduction